Does the unauthorized playing of background music in a shopping mall infringe copyright?

Shopping malls commonly play background music to create a pleasant atmosphere, but doing so without permission or royalties can result in copyright infringement. Copyright protection has a limited duration, so if the music played is classical works such as those by Bach, Mozart, or Beethoven, it is not necessary to pay royalties to the composers because their copyrights have expired. However, these works are often performed by contemporary musicians who have related rights to their performances, which are typically protected for up to 50 years in most countries. Therefore, shopping malls could violate the performers' rights if they do not obtain permission or pay royalties to them. If the shopping malls play sound recordings, they could also infringe on the rights of the sound recording producers.